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Cable Lifespan & Failure Analysis
Core Principle: Cable lifespan is primarily determined by the Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) of the sheath. While the standard design life is 20 years, actual service life usually exceeds this.
Main Cause of Failure: Insulation degradation leading to breakdown/puncture.
Seven Key Factors Leading to Failure:
Mechanical Damage: External forces (construction/accidents) are the leading cause of cable faults in developing areas.
Moisture Ingress: Poorly sealed joints allow humidity/water to enter, forming "water trees" that gradually destroy insulation.
Chemical Corrosion: Direct burial in acidic or alkaline soil corrodes the armor and sheath, especially in industrial zones.
Prolonged Overloading: Excessive current generates heat (via thermal/skin effects), accelerating insulation aging. Faults peak during high-load summer months.
Faulty Joints: As the weakest link, joints often fail due to poor workmanship, such as loose crimping or insufficient heating.
Environmental Heat: Proximity to external heat sources can cause insulation to overheat, leading to fires or explosions.
Natural Factors: Natural aging of materials and unpredictable natural disasters.
